2,056 research outputs found
Angaben zur Klimarelevanz als Bewertungsgrundlage für unterschiedliche landwirtschaftliche Produktionsverfahren und Nachfrageorientierungen
Zusammenfassung:
Das Konzept der Klimarelevanz wird vorgestellt und auf die Analyse der Sektoren Landwirtschaft und Ernährung angewendet. Einige Ergebnisse werden gezeigt, die u.a. die systematische Unterschätzung von Anteilen der Landwirtschaft an der Klimabeeinflussung belegen. Es wird auch gezeigt, wie mit der Inblicknahme des Gesamtsystems der Aspekt der Landnutzung einbezogen werden kann und wie Veränderungen in den Versorgungssystemen sich dort bemerkbar machen
THE DETERMINATION OF TRACE METALS BY CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS
The development of a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the determination of
inorganic and organo mercury species as their dithizone sulphonate (DzS) complexes
using coated capillary columns is described. The complexes were pre-formed before
injection and detection was by direct measurement of the visible absorbance of the
complexes. Dithizone sulphonate was used in place of cysteine to separate methyl
mercury in the final stage of a simplified Westoo extraction procedure. The method
was than applied to the analysis of methyl mercury in a crab and several fish meat
samples. Good quantitative performance is demonstrated by spiking experiments and
analysis of DORM-1 certified reference material. The method was found to be very
sensitive and a detection limit of 2 µg Kgˉ¹ could be achieved for a l0g sample of fish
flesh.
A CE method for the determination of uranium (VI) as the arsenazo III complex was
developed and the effect of interfering metal ions was studied. The calibration was
found to be linear from 10 µg 1ˉ¹ -10 mg 1ˉ¹ using gravity injections and a detection
limit of less than 1 µg 1ˉ¹ was achieved with electrokinetic injection.
A study was made of injection techniques and their applicability to the enhancement
of sensitivity in synthetic standards and environmental samples.
The effect of capillary surface chemistry on the peak shape of the migrating uranyl-arsenazo
III was also studied using fused silica capillaries with two different internal
coatings and three polymeric capillaries.
A study was also carried out on the construction and investigation of a post-capillary
reactor for the determination of trace metals by UV-Vis absorption after formation of
intensely absorbing coloured complexes. The main principle of operation was based
on the infusion of the colorimetric reagent into a small 50µm gap between the
separation capillary and the reaction capillary. The gap was enclosed by a permeable
membrane and the flow of reagent was achieved by the application of a slight pressure
to the post-capillary reactor cell. Two reagents were studied, namely, xylenol orange
(XO) and 4 (2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR), for the separation and detection of
copper (U), cadmium (II), cobalt (II), nickel (II), zinc (II), and manganese (II). Lead
(II) was also included in the XO system.Dionex, U
Impact of the various spin and orbital ordering processes on multiferroic properties of orthovanadate DyVO3
The orthovanadate DyVO3 crystal, known to exhibit multiple structural, spin
and orbital ordering transitions, is presently investigated on the basis of
magnetization, heat capacity, resistivity, dielectric and polarization
measurements. Our main result is experimental evidence for the existence of
multiferroicity below a high TC of 108 K over a wide temperature range
including different spin-orbital ordered states. The onset of ferroelectricity
is found to coincide with the antiferromagnetic C-type spin ordering transition
taking place at 108 K, which indicates that DyVO3 belongs to type II
multiferroics exhibiting a coupling between magnetism and ferroelectricity.
Some anomalies detected on the temperature dependence of electric polarization
are discussed with respect to the nature of the spin-orbital ordered states of
the V sublattice and the degree of spin alignment in the Dy sublattice. The
orthovanadates RVO3 (R = rare earth or Y) form an important new category for
searching for high-TC multiferroics.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, 68 references, one supplementary material,
Physical Review B, Published 23 July 201
Taking the lead: learners’ experiences across the disciplines
The first year at university is a time of significant flux for students, as they adjust to unfamiliar environments, encounter new approaches to teaching and develop fresh learning strategies on the road to becoming self-directed learners. This sense of uncertainty may be compounded by the need to interact with unfamiliar and frequently complex online systems and technologies, possibly even before arrival. Furthermore, although technology is embedded seamlessly into the personal lives of many of today’s students, recent reports have questioned the widespread assumption that young adults have the sophisticated information skills and digital literacy needed to become autonomous learners. In this paper we present findings from a recently-completed study addressing these important issues. We investigated the utilisation of ICT and learning technologies by first-year undergraduates from a variety of different entry routes and academic disciplines, including Physics, Divinity and Veterinary Medicine, at the University of Edinburgh. The focus of the work was on the impact of technology on students’ transition to university and how this changed as they progressed through their first year. The overall shape of the research was based on a student-centred approach, with students’ own views and opinions placed central to the study; and used a holistic approach in which students’ use of e-learning and technology was set within the context of their learning experiences as a whole. To capture the breadth and complexity of their experiences we used a mixed-mode approach, including a series of reflective diaries recorded by learners (in video, audio or text format) together with surveys and focus groups. Students do not form a homogenous group, and findings in this area are inevitably complex. They have high expectations and are generally confident with technology; however, they may not always recognise technology’s potential to support and enhance learning. The term e-learning does not mean much to them; there is simply learning with strands of technology running through. This is reflected in a strong desire for face-to-face contact, with technology used to supplement and enhance this. Students are social, with informal group learning often facilitated by technology. They find their comfort zones and ways of working that are personal to them, and use technology to suit their own way of learning
Field dependence of the electronic phase separation in Pr0.67Ca0.33MnO3 by small angle magnetic neutron scattering
We have studied by small angle neutron scattering the evolution induced by
the application of magnetic field of the coexistence of ferromagnetism (F) and
antiferromagnetism (AF) in a crystal of PrCaMnO. The
results are compared to magnetic measurements which provide the evolution of
the ferromagnetic fraction. These results show that the growth of the
ferromagnetic phase corresponds to an increase of the thickness of the
ferromagnetic ''cabbage'' sheets
Concavity of Eigenvalue Sums and the Spectral Shift Function
It is well known that the sum of negative (positive) eigenvalues of some
finite Hermitian matrix is concave (convex) with respect to . Using the
theory of the spectral shift function we generalize this property to
self-adjoint operators on a separable Hilbert space with an arbitrary spectrum.
More precisely, we prove that the spectral shift function integrated with
respect to the spectral parameter from to (from
to ) is concave (convex) with respect to trace class perturbations.
The case of relative trace class perturbations is also considered
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